Preschoolers vs school-age kids

Preschoolers Developmental Stages

Cognitive:

Imaginative play flourishes, and children begin to understand cause and effect recognize letters and follow simple, multi -step directions.

Language:

Speech becomes clear, with children, using full sentences and asking many questions.

 

Social/Emotional:

They start to make friends, learn to share, express emotions, and and understanding of time.

Physical:

Growth motor skills improved through activities, like jumping and climbing, while find motor skills develop with task like cutting and drawing.

 

   School-Age Developmental stages of school age

Cognitive:

Reasoning, it becomes more logical and organized, moving towards optional thoughts. Children grab more complex concepts and engage in more former learning.

Language:

Communication becomes more sophisticated, supporting more complex, thoughts, process, and social interactions.

Social/Emotional:

Children become more independent from strong organized friendship, and develop a greater sense of self-I identity and competence through daily school experiences.

Physical: continue physical growth occur, and while overall abilities grow, the focus shifts to the social, emotional, and intellectual development that prepares them for adolescence.


 

 

 

 

 

Key aspects

 

Social learning theory:

The four key steps to observational learning

1.     Attention: the child must play attention to the models behavior. Factors like the model similarity to vote in the models qualities can influence attention.

2.     Retention: the child must be able to store the information or behaviors in the memory.

3.     Motor reproduction: the child must have the physical ability to reproduce the observed behavior.

4.     Motivation: the child must be motivated to perform the behavior, often by the external or internal rewards, are by the belief that the behavior will lead to a desirable outcome.

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Developmental Appropriate Practices

DAP(Developmental Appropriate Practices) involved fostering physical, cognitive, social —emotional, in logistical, environments, and activities to individual interest and developmental needs.

For school age kids like Marley physical development provides movement opportunities. It encourage exploration to explore movement through activities like hiking, swimming, or other sports. Cognitive development. promotes play based learning example reading, puzzles, and sorting games to enhance problem-solving, vocabulary, and organization skills.

 

Social and emotional development builds stronger-relationships, trusting relationship relationships with children. It’s support emotional regulation like., common techniques. Example: Marley teacher reading during story time it helps her identity and manage her feelings. logistical domains, maintain reflective practice that helps educators observe children, reflect on teaching practices, plan activities, and observed children by reflecting on teaching practices, plan activities, and create a safe, nurturing earning environment.